Toxicity of quinorium derivatives

Quinorium derivatives includes the drug ( methosulphate) quinorium sulphate is a complex urea compound used to create premunity (premunity is progressive development of immunity in individuals exposed to an infective agent, mainly belonging to protozoa and Rickettsia, but not in viruses in endemic areas).

Sources: insecticides, babesicidial drugs

Mode of transmission:

• Accidental ingestion
• Consumption of meat of animal treated with babesicidial drug.

Mode of action:Exact mechanism is not known but it is believed it that shows the anti-cholinergicesterase activity and interfere at the neuro-muscular junction.

Clinical Signs:

In sheep: Salivation, urination, defecation, muscle spasm, unsteadiness , and close resemblance to shock.

In laboratory animals twitching of muscles, jump ,dyspnea,hypotension ,death

In some cases vomition, diarrhoea and anorexia occasionally trachypnea, hypotension, collapse,CNS depression and recumbency  within 15 minutes of quinorium administration.

History:

History of exposure

Clinical signs

Liver degeneration

Increase motility of intestine

Decrease of cholinesterase activity as an indicator of presence of quinorium in plasma.

Blood: elevated level of transaminase and anaemia , BUN increased above baseline.

Treatment:

Treatment is usually asymptomatic.