Limitations of CITES

CITES is an international treaty that aims to regulate trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora. However, it also has some limitations, such as:

1. Lack of adequate domestic laws and enforcement. CITES relies on the cooperation and compliance of the parties to implement its provisions and monitor trade. However, some countries may lack the necessary legal frameworks, resources, personnel, training, or political will to effectively enforce CITES regulations. This may result in illegal trade, poaching, corruption, or loopholes that undermine the conservation goals of CITES.
2. Lack of scientific data and expertise. CITES requires parties to make non-detriment findings (NDFs) before granting export permits for Appendix II species. This means that they have to ensure that the trade will not harm the survival of the species in the wild. However, some countries may lack the scientific data or expertise to make accurate and reliable NDFs, which may lead to over-exploitation or unsustainable trade.
3. Lack of incentives and benefits for local communities. CITES does not address the root causes of wildlife trade, such as poverty, livelihoods, or demand. It also does not provide incentives or benefits for local communities that depend on or coexist with wildlife. This may create conflicts or resentment among local people who may perceive CITES as a restriction on their rights or opportunities. It may also reduce their willingness to participate in conservation efforts or report illegal activities.
4. Lack of flexibility and adaptability. CITES is a static and rigid treaty that does not allow for much flexibility or adaptability to changing circumstances or new information. For example, it takes a long time and a lot of effort to amend the Appendices or adopt new resolutions. It also does not account for different contexts or situations that may require different approaches or solutions. This may limit the effectiveness or relevance of CITES in addressing emerging or complex conservation challenges.