Vitamins

Milk contains the following vitamins eg A, B1, B2, C, D, E, Niacin, Pantothenic acid, pyridoxin and biotin.

a) Vitamins-A:

1. Milk is a valuablegood source of these vitamins. It is fat soluble vitamins and therefore found in the milk fat and necessary for growth health and reproduction.

2. It keeps the epithelial tissues healthy and is helpful in preventing inflection.

3. A lack of these vitamins A causes “night blindness” and xerothalmia (eye sight defect).

4. Body needs 2000 to 2500 I.V of vit. A where as one litres of milk supplies 2200-6000 IU depending upon feed and maintenance of animal. (Note 1mg =1667 I.U)

b) Vitamin-B 1 (Thiamine):

1. Milk id s good source of this vitamin.

2. It is necessary for growth, appetite, muscular co-ordination and prevention of Beri-Beri in man and polyneuritis in animal.

3. A lack of this vitamins is associated with loss of appetite, slow heart rate, nervousness, and constipation as well as the accumulation of a toxic subs ie pyruvic acid in the body tissues

c) Vitamin B 2 or G (Riboflavin):

1. It is essential for growth and health of skin. Like thiamin it acts as enzymes influencing the oxidation of puruvic acid.

2. It is found in all diary products.

3. It is estimated as 1-2mg of riboflavin required daily by an adults and one quart of milk will supply 2-2.25mg.

d) Vitamin -C (Ascorbic acid):

1. It is essential for cellular respiration, blood regeneration, maintenance and strength of blood vessels, the development of teeth and bone and the formation of connective tissues.

2. This vitamin is necessary in diet to prevent scurvy and available through fresh vegetables, fruits and milk. It is destroyed by the application of heat in the presence of air which is happened in case of pasteurization of milk and for this reason when pasteurized milk or milk products are used in diet, the ascorbic acid should supply from other sources like orange, tomato etc.

3. A child needs 15mg and adults need 75mg daily and one litres of milk supply 30 mg of this vitamin.

e) Vitamin -D:

1. It is necessary in diet to aid in calcium and phosphorous retention so as to make strong bones and prevents from rickets.

2. Milk contains 40 I.U per half litres and a child needs 300-800 units per day.

f) Vitamin – E (Alfa tocopherol):

1. Milk has fair amount of this vitamins.

2. It is essential to reproduction.

3. Cow milk fat contains about 35 mg (micro gram) per gm of fat.

g) Niacin:

1. It is known as pellagra preventing factor.

2. Milk contains 1.5 mg half litres of milk.

3. Men requires 10-15 mg

h) Pantothenic acid:

1. Essential for the development for central nervous system and for growth.

2. Milk contains 2mghalf litres of milk and amount required by man is not find out yet.

I) Pyridoxin (B 6 ):

1. Milk contains 400-600 mglitre and 1-2 mg needed daily which is easily available from ordinary diet

2. Prevent from neurotoxic effect (Poisonous)effect upon nerve tissue.( destructive to nerve tissue)

j) Biotin:

1. It increases the resistance to the disease.

2. In small animal this vitamins cures the paralysis and loss of hair coat.