Course Content
Introduction , system and system approach in Agriculture , concept of Agricultural system and farming system.
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Introduction
Types of the system
PROPERTIES OF SYSTEM
ELEMENTS OF SYSTEM
SYSTEM APPROACH
Different system Approach
Agriculture and farming System
Principles of farming system
Components of Nepalese farming system
Enterprises of farming system
Determinants of farming system in the hills and low lands of Nepal
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Introduction
Climatic factors
Edaphic factors
Socioeconomic factors
Management factors
Hill and lowland farming systems in Nepal
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Agroecological Zones in Nepal
Concept of Cropping System
Types of cropping system
CLASSIFICATION OF FARMING SYSTEM
Based on components or enterprises
Based on land area used
Based on degree of commercialization
Based on the ownership of land
Other types of farming
Characteristics of Nepalese farming system
Components of major farming system
Opportunity of Nepalese farming systems
Limitations of Nepalese farming systems
Farming system Research (FSR)
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Farming system Research (FSR)
Characteristics of FSR
Farming system Research Approach:
Farming system research methodology
Agricultural Sustainability
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Sustainable Agriculture
Why sustainable Agriculture?
Evolution of sustainable Agriculture
Traditional farming system
Low External Input Agriculture (LEIA) and natural resources
High External Input Agriculture (HEIA) and Environment
Low External Input sustainable Agriculture (LEISA)
Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture or Forms/Types/Models of Ecological Agriculture
Different Agriculture farming
Keys to sustainable Agriculture
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Ecological principles and practices
Biodiversity for Sustainable Agriculture
Dryland and rainfed farming
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Characteristics (problems) of dryland farming system
Crop Production in dryland farming
Crop management practices
Crop production in rainfed farming (Lowland/ Submergence condition)
Crop management practices
CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE
Indigeneous knowledge and sustainable agriculture
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Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge for Sustainable Agriculture
Indigenous Traditional practices in Nepalese farming system
Common practices in Indigenous Traditional practices in Nepalese farming system
Learn Farming System and Sustainable Agriculture with Rahul
About Lesson

Limitations of Nepalese farming systems

A) Mountain Farming System :

  • Adversity: in climate and topography
  • Fragility: in ecosystem
  • Inaccessibility: in infrastructures, inputs and facilities
  • Marginality: in crop land; low cropping intensity
  • Degradation of rangeland, feed deficiency in winter
  • Low productivity of pastures and indigenous breed
  • Shortage of technical manpower

 

B) Hill Farming System :

  • Poor accessibility: in infrastructures, inputs and irrigation facilities
  • Degradation of soil: erosion and land slide
  • Declining soil productivity: low organic matter content and acidic soil
  • Low productivity of crop and livestock
  • Labor shortage due to emigration

 

C) Terai Farming System :

  • Resource degradation: forest, arable land, water
  • Land degradation due to riverbank erosion, top soil erosion and flooding
  • Land fragmentation and small land holding due to population pressure
  • Declining soil productivity: low OM content and micronutrients, extensive
  • use of external inputs like fertilizers, chemicals
  • Labor shortage due to emigration
  • Poor diversity in farming system
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