Carbohydrate classification

A. Monosaccharide:

On the basis of functional group:

1. Aldose: Ribose, Glyceraldehyde
2. Ketose: Fructose, Ribulose

On the basis of number of carbons in molecules

1. Diose: Glycolic aldehyde
2. Triose: Glyceraldehyde, Dihydroxy acetone
3. Tetroses: Erythrose
4. Pentose: Ribose, Ribulose
5. Hexose: Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
6. Heptose: Sedoheptulose

B. Oligosaccharide

1. 2 Monosaccharide: Maltose, Sucrose
2. 3 Monosaccharide: Raffinose
3. 4 Monosaccharide: Stachyose
4. 5 Monosaccharide: Verbascose

C. Polysaccharide:

1. Homo: Starch, Cellulose
2. Hetero: Pectin, Hemicellulose

Note: reducing sugar includes Glucose, Fructose, lactose, Maltose and Cellobiose.

• Unbranched polymer: Amylose
• Highly branched polymer: Amylopectin
• Branched polymer: Glycogen
• Linear polymer: Cellulose