LOD Score

• It refers to a statistical estimate of whether two genetic loci are physically near enough to each other (or “linked”) on a particular chromosome that they are likely to be inherited together.
• A LOD score of 3 or higher is generally understood to mean that two genes are located close to each other on the chromosome.
• The larger the sample size, the more reliable the estimate will be.
• The precision of a recombination estimate is reflected by its variance or its standard error.
• It stands for Logarithm of odds.

The LOD score is calculated from:

LOD = log (probability of offspring with these genotypes if the genes are linked/ probability of offspring with these genotypes if the genes aren’t linked)